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Hildebrand oli Edmund Husserlin oppilas ja kirjoitti väitöskirjansa Husserlin ohjauksessa. Hildebrand kuitenkin suhtautui kriittisesti Husserlin myöhempään tuotantoon, jossa Husserl luopui realistisesta fenomenlogiasta ja siirtyi ajattelussaan konstruktivistisen fenomenologian suuntaan.  
Hildebrand oli Edmund Husserlin oppilas ja kirjoitti väitöskirjansa Husserlin ohjauksessa. Hildebrand kuitenkin suhtautui kriittisesti Husserlin myöhempään tuotantoon, jossa Husserl luopui realistisesta fenomenlogiasta ja siirtyi ajattelussaan konstruktivistisen fenomenologian suuntaan.  


Hildebrand was called "the 20th Century Doctor of the Church"<ref>{{cite book|title=Trojan Horse in the City of God|publisher=Sophia Press Institute|year=1993}}</ref> by [[Pope Pius XII]]. [[Pope John Paul II]] also greatly admired the work of Hildebrand, remarking once to his widow, [[Alice von Hildebrand]], "Your husband is one of the great ethicists of the twentieth century." [[Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI|Benedict XVI]] also has a particular admiration and regard for Hildebrand, whom he knew as a young priest in Munich. The degree of Pope Benedict's esteem is expressed in one of his statements about Hildebrand: "When the intellectual history of the Catholic Church in the twentieth century is written, the name of Dietrich von Hildebrand will be most prominent among the figures of our time."
==Elämänkerta==
Hildebrand syntyi ja kasvoi saksalaisessa perheessä, joka asui Firenzessä Italiassa. Hän oli kuvanveistäjä Adolf von Hildebrandin poika. Hän sai varhaisen koulutuksensa yksityisopettajilta. Vaikka hän kasvoi uskonnottomassa kodissa, Hildebrand omaksui syvän uskon Jeesukseen jo varhaisella iällä. <ref name=CA>{{cite web |url=http://catholicauthors.com/vonhildebrand.html|work=CatholicAuthors.com|title=Dietrich von Hildebrand (1889-1977)|accessdate=26 December 2012}}</ref>


A vocal critic of the changes in the church brought by the [[Second Vatican Council]], Hildebrand especially resented the new liturgy: "Truly, if one of the devils in [[C. S. Lewis]] ''[[The Screwtape Letters]]'' had been entrusted with the ruin of the liturgy, he could not have done it better."<ref>{{cite book |last=Hildebrand|first=Dietrich von|title=Der verwüstete Weinberg|year=1973|publisher=Habbel|location=Regensburg|language=German}}</ref>
Hildebrand lähtettiin Muncheniin viidentoista vuoden ikäisenä ylioppilastutkinnon suorittamista varten. Kaksi vuotta myöhemmin hän kirjoittautui Munchenin yliopistoon, jossa hän liittyi filosofian opiskelijoiden piiriin, jotka ensin kannattivat Theodor Lippsin ajatelua, mutta myöhemmin omaksuivat Edmund Husserlin varhaisvaiheissaan opettaman realistisen fenomenologian. Tämän opiskelijaryhmän kautta hän tuli tuntemaan Max Schelerin. Schelerin vaikutuksesat Hildebrand omaksui katolisen uskon vuonna 1914. Vuonna 1909 hän opiskeli Göttingenin yliopiston, jossa hän väitteli filosofian tohtoriksi Husserlin ja Adolf Reinachin ohjauksessa, jotka vaikuttivat hänen oman filosofisen ajattelunsa kehitykseen. <ref name=CA />


==Elämänkerta==
Hildebrand julkaisi ensimmäisen kirjansa, ''Die Idee der Sittlichen Handlung'', vuonna 1916, ja kaksi vuotta myöhemmin sodan loputtua hän sai paikan yliopistonopettajana Munchenin yliopistossa, jossa hänestä lopulta tuli apulaisprofessori vuonna 1924. Siihen mennessä hän oli julkaissut toisen teoksen ''Sittlichkeit und Ethische Werterkenntniss'' (1921).<ref name=CA />
Born and raised in [[Florence]], in the [[Kingdom of Italy]], Hildebrand grew up in a [[German people|German]] household, the son of sculptor [[Adolf von Hildebrand]] and Irene Schäuffelen, who lived in a former [[Minim (religious order)|Minim]] [[friary]]. He received his early education from private tutors. Although raised in a home without religion, Hildebrand developed a deep belief in [[Jesus]] at a very young age.<ref name=CA>{{cite web |url=http://catholicauthors.com/vonhildebrand.html|work=CatholicAuthors.com|title=Dietrich von Hildebrand (1889-1977)|accessdate=26 December 2012}}</ref>


Sent to [[Munich]] at the age of fifteen for his ''[[Abitur]]'', Hildebrand enrolled at the [[University of Munich]] two years later, where he joined a circle of students who first followed the philosopher [[Theodor Lipps]] but soon were swayed by the teachings of [[Edmund Husserl]]. Through this circle he came to know [[Max Scheler]]. Because of Scheler's writings Hildebrand converted to Catholicism in 1914. In 1909 he attended the [[University of Göttingen]], where he completed his [[doctor of philosophy|doctorate in philosophy]] under Husserl and [[Adolf Reinach]], whom he later credited with shaping his own philosophical system.<ref name=CA />
Hitlerin päästyä valtaan vuonna 1933 Hildebrand, joka oli Hitlerin ja natsismin julkinen vastustaja, pakeni Saksasta ja meni aluksi Italiaan ja sitten Wieniin. Siellä hän Itävallan kanslerin Engelbert Dollfussin tuella perusti ja toimitti natsismin vastaista viikkolehteä ''Der Christliche Ständestaat'' ("The Christian Corporative State"). Tämän takia natsit tuomitsivat hänet poissaolevana kuolemaan.


In 1912, he married Margaret Denck, and with her had one child, Franz.
Natsien vallattua Itävallan 1938 Hildebrand joutui jälleen pakenemaan. Hän asui yksitoista vuotta Sveitsissä lähellä Freiburgia. He then moved to [[Fiac]] in [[France]], near [[Toulouse]], where he taught at the [[Catholic University of Toulouse]]. When the Nazis invaded France in 1940 he went into hiding; after many hardships, and the heroic assistance of Frenchmen, including [[Edmond Michelet]] and the American journalist Varian Fry, he was able to escape to [[Portugal]] with his wife, their son Franz, and their daughter-in-law. From there they travelled by ship to [[Brazil]] and then on to [[New York City]], arriving in 1940. There he taught [[philosophy]] at the [[Jesuit]] [[Fordham University]] on Rose Hill in [[the Bronx]] where he then mentored renowned Catholic author and philosophy professor [[Ronda Chervin]].<ref>http://www.hildebrandproject.org/about/ronda-chervin</ref>


In 1913 Hildebrand went to [[Rome]] to attend the [[First Communion]] of one of his sisters, in a ceremony held in the [[Catacombs of Callixtus]]. The following year he and his wife were received into the Catholic Church. Upon the outbreak of the [[World War I|First World War]] Hildebrand was [[military draft|drafted]] into service as a physician's assistant in Munich, serving as a kind of surgical nurse.<ref name=CA />
Hildebrand retired from teaching in 1960, spending the remaining years of his life writing dozens of books in both German and English. He was a founder of [[Una Voce America]]. In 1957 his wife of forty-five years died, and in 1959 he married [[Alice von Hildebrand]], also a philosopher and theologian.


Hildebrand published his first book, ''Die Idee der Sittlichen Handlung'', in 1916, and two years later, after the war had ended, was given a teaching position at the University of Munich, eventually gaining an assistant professorship there in 1924. By then he had published another work, ''Sittlichkeit und Ethische Werterkenntniss'' (1921).<ref name=CA />
Hildebrand died in [[New Rochelle, New York]], in 1977, after a long struggle with a heart condition.


When Hitler came to power in 1933 Hildebrand, a vocal opponent of [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] and [[Nazism]], fled Germany, going first to Italy, and then to [[Vienna]]. There, with the support of the Austrian Chancellor [[Engelbert Dollfuss]], he founded and edited an anti-Nazi weekly paper, ''Der Christliche Ständestaat'' ("The Christian Corporative State"). For this, he was sentenced to death ''[[trial in absentia|in absentia]]'' by the Nazis.
Hildebrandin arvostus


Hildebrand was once again forced to flee when Hitler annexed Austria in 1938.  He spent eleven months in [[Switzerland]], near [[Fribourg]]. He then moved to [[Fiac]] in [[France]], near [[Toulouse]], where he taught at the [[Catholic University of Toulouse]]. When the Nazis invaded France in 1940 he went into hiding; after many hardships, and the heroic assistance of Frenchmen, including [[Edmond Michelet]] and the American journalist Varian Fry, he was able to escape to [[Portugal]] with his wife, their son Franz, and their daughter-in-law. From there they travelled by ship to [[Brazil]] and then on to [[New York City]], arriving in 1940. There he taught [[philosophy]] at the [[Jesuit]] [[Fordham University]] on Rose Hill in [[the Bronx]] where he then mentored renowned Catholic author and philosophy professor [[Ronda Chervin]].<ref>http://www.hildebrandproject.org/about/ronda-chervin</ref>
Hildebrand was called "the 20th Century Doctor of the Church"<ref>{{cite book|title=Trojan Horse in the City of God|publisher=Sophia Press Institute|year=1993}}</ref> by [[Pope Pius XII]]. [[Pope John Paul II]] also greatly admired the work of Hildebrand, remarking once to his widow, [[Alice von Hildebrand]], "Your husband is one of the great ethicists of the twentieth century." [[Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI|Benedict XVI]] also has a particular admiration and regard for Hildebrand, whom he knew as a young priest in Munich. The degree of Pope Benedict's esteem is expressed in one of his statements about Hildebrand: "When the intellectual history of the Catholic Church in the twentieth century is written, the name of Dietrich von Hildebrand will be most prominent among the figures of our time."


Hildebrand retired from teaching in 1960, spending the remaining years of his life writing dozens of books in both German and English. He was a founder of [[Una Voce America]]. In 1957 his wife of forty-five years died, and in 1959 he married [[Alice von Hildebrand]], also a philosopher and theologian.
A vocal critic of the changes in the church brought by the [[Second Vatican Council]], Hildebrand especially resented the new liturgy: "Truly, if one of the devils in [[C. S. Lewis]] ''[[The Screwtape Letters]]'' had been entrusted with the ruin of the liturgy, he could not have done it better."<ref>{{cite book |last=Hildebrand|first=Dietrich von|title=Der verwüstete Weinberg|year=1973|publisher=Habbel|location=Regensburg|language=German}}</ref>
 
Hildebrand died in [[New Rochelle, New York]], in 1977, after a long struggle with a heart condition.


==Osittainen kirjallisuusluettelo==
==Osittainen kirjallisuusluettelo==

Versio 8. heinäkuuta 2017 kello 17.20

Dietrich von Hildebrand
Syntynyt 12.10.1889
Firenze, Italia
Kuollut 26.1.1977
New Rochelle, New York
Tutkimusalue Filosofia
Instituutti University of Munich
University of Göttingen
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Dietrich von Hildebrand (12 lokakuuta 1889 - 26 tammikuuta 1977) oli saksalainen kristitty filosofi, jonka ajattelu sijoittuu realistisen fenomenologian perinteeseen. Realistisen fenomenologian mukaan ihmiset saavat välittömän kokemuksensa perusteella luotettavaa tietoa arvoista.

Hildebrand oli Edmund Husserlin oppilas ja kirjoitti väitöskirjansa Husserlin ohjauksessa. Hildebrand kuitenkin suhtautui kriittisesti Husserlin myöhempään tuotantoon, jossa Husserl luopui realistisesta fenomenlogiasta ja siirtyi ajattelussaan konstruktivistisen fenomenologian suuntaan.

Elämänkerta

Hildebrand syntyi ja kasvoi saksalaisessa perheessä, joka asui Firenzessä Italiassa. Hän oli kuvanveistäjä Adolf von Hildebrandin poika. Hän sai varhaisen koulutuksensa yksityisopettajilta. Vaikka hän kasvoi uskonnottomassa kodissa, Hildebrand omaksui syvän uskon Jeesukseen jo varhaisella iällä. 1

Hildebrand lähtettiin Muncheniin viidentoista vuoden ikäisenä ylioppilastutkinnon suorittamista varten. Kaksi vuotta myöhemmin hän kirjoittautui Munchenin yliopistoon, jossa hän liittyi filosofian opiskelijoiden piiriin, jotka ensin kannattivat Theodor Lippsin ajatelua, mutta myöhemmin omaksuivat Edmund Husserlin varhaisvaiheissaan opettaman realistisen fenomenologian. Tämän opiskelijaryhmän kautta hän tuli tuntemaan Max Schelerin. Schelerin vaikutuksesat Hildebrand omaksui katolisen uskon vuonna 1914. Vuonna 1909 hän opiskeli Göttingenin yliopiston, jossa hän väitteli filosofian tohtoriksi Husserlin ja Adolf Reinachin ohjauksessa, jotka vaikuttivat hänen oman filosofisen ajattelunsa kehitykseen. 1

Hildebrand julkaisi ensimmäisen kirjansa, Die Idee der Sittlichen Handlung, vuonna 1916, ja kaksi vuotta myöhemmin sodan loputtua hän sai paikan yliopistonopettajana Munchenin yliopistossa, jossa hänestä lopulta tuli apulaisprofessori vuonna 1924. Siihen mennessä hän oli julkaissut toisen teoksen Sittlichkeit und Ethische Werterkenntniss (1921).1

Hitlerin päästyä valtaan vuonna 1933 Hildebrand, joka oli Hitlerin ja natsismin julkinen vastustaja, pakeni Saksasta ja meni aluksi Italiaan ja sitten Wieniin. Siellä hän Itävallan kanslerin Engelbert Dollfussin tuella perusti ja toimitti natsismin vastaista viikkolehteä Der Christliche Ständestaat ("The Christian Corporative State"). Tämän takia natsit tuomitsivat hänet poissaolevana kuolemaan.

Natsien vallattua Itävallan 1938 Hildebrand joutui jälleen pakenemaan. Hän asui yksitoista vuotta Sveitsissä lähellä Freiburgia. He then moved to Fiac in France, near Toulouse, where he taught at the Catholic University of Toulouse. When the Nazis invaded France in 1940 he went into hiding; after many hardships, and the heroic assistance of Frenchmen, including Edmond Michelet and the American journalist Varian Fry, he was able to escape to Portugal with his wife, their son Franz, and their daughter-in-law. From there they travelled by ship to Brazil and then on to New York City, arriving in 1940. There he taught philosophy at the Jesuit Fordham University on Rose Hill in the Bronx where he then mentored renowned Catholic author and philosophy professor Ronda Chervin.2

Hildebrand retired from teaching in 1960, spending the remaining years of his life writing dozens of books in both German and English. He was a founder of Una Voce America. In 1957 his wife of forty-five years died, and in 1959 he married Alice von Hildebrand, also a philosopher and theologian.

Hildebrand died in New Rochelle, New York, in 1977, after a long struggle with a heart condition.

Hildebrandin arvostus

Hildebrand was called "the 20th Century Doctor of the Church"3 by Pope Pius XII. Pope John Paul II also greatly admired the work of Hildebrand, remarking once to his widow, Alice von Hildebrand, "Your husband is one of the great ethicists of the twentieth century." Benedict XVI also has a particular admiration and regard for Hildebrand, whom he knew as a young priest in Munich. The degree of Pope Benedict's esteem is expressed in one of his statements about Hildebrand: "When the intellectual history of the Catholic Church in the twentieth century is written, the name of Dietrich von Hildebrand will be most prominent among the figures of our time."

A vocal critic of the changes in the church brought by the Second Vatican Council, Hildebrand especially resented the new liturgy: "Truly, if one of the devils in C. S. Lewis The Screwtape Letters had been entrusted with the ruin of the liturgy, he could not have done it better."4

Osittainen kirjallisuusluettelo

  • Marriage: The Mystery of Faithful Love (1929)
  • Metaphysics of Community (1930)
  • In Defense of Purity: An Analysis of the Catholic Ideals of Purity and Virginity (Longmans, Green and Co., 1931)
  • Actual Questions in the Light of Eternity (1931)
  • The Essence of Philosophical Research and Knowledge (1934)
  • Liturgy and Personality (Longmans, 1943)
  • Transformation in Christ (Longmans, 1948)
  • Fundamental Moral Attitudes (Longmans, 1950)
  • Christian Ethics (McKay, 1952)
  • The New Tower of Babel (P. J. Kenedy, 1953)
  • Ethics (Franciscan Herald Press, 1953)
  • True Morality and Its Counterfeits, with Alice M. Jourdain (McKay, 1955)
  • Graven Images: Substitutes for True Morality, with Alice M. Jourdain (McKay, 1957)
  • Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert (J. Habbel, 1961)
  • Not as the World Gives; St. Francis' Message to Laymen Today" (Franciscan Herald Press, 1963)
  • The art of living, with Alice von Hildebrand (Franciscan Herald Press, 1965)
  • Man and Woman: Love & the Meaning of Intimacy, (Franciscan Herald Press, 1966)
  • Morality and Situation Ethics, (Franciscan Herald Press, 1966)
  • Love, Marriage, and the Catholic Conscience: Understanding the Church's Teachings on Birth Control
  • The Trojan Horse in the City of God: The Catholic Crisis Explained (Franciscan Herald Press, 1967)
  • The encyclical Humanae vitae, a sign of contradiction; an essay on birth control and Catholic conscience, (Franciscan Herald Press, 1969)
  • Celibacy and the crisis of faith, (Franciscan Herald Press, 1971)
  • What is Philosophy? (Franciscan Herald Press, 1973)
  • The Devastated Vineyard (1973)
  • Jaws of Death: Gate of Heaven (1976)
  • The Heart: an Analysis of Human and Divine Affectivity, (Franciscan Herald Press, 1977)
  • Making Christ's Peace a Part of Your Life
  • Humility: Wellspring of Virtue
  • The Nature of Love (St. Augustine´s Press, 2010)

Viitteet

  1. > 1,0 1,1 1,2 "Dietrich von Hildebrand (1889-1977)" . CatholicAuthors.com. Viitattu 26 December 2012. 
  2. ^ http://www.hildebrandproject.org/about/ronda-chervin
  3. ^ (1993) Trojan Horse in the City of God. Sophia Press Institute. 
  4. ^ Hildebrand, Dietrich von (1973). Der verwüstete Weinberg (in German). Regensburg: Habbel. 

Lähteet

  • Alice von Hildebrand, The Soul of a Lion, a biography (Ignatius Press, 2000, Malline:ISBN)

Ulkoiset linkit

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